Helgustaðanáma is a unique geological and historical site located near
the northern shore of Reyðarfjörður in East Iceland.
The mine was designated a protected natural monument in 1975 and is considered one
of Iceland’s most important mineral sites.
The area is world-famous for producing exceptionally clear crystals of
calcite, known internationally as Iceland spar. This mineral
is one of the very few natural phenomena named directly after Iceland.
Calcite was extracted at Helgustaðir from the mid-17th century, with mining activity
peaking during the 19th century and continuing until shortly after 1920. Visible
traces of historical mining can still be seen in the landscape today.
The extraordinary value of Iceland spar lies in its optical properties. The crystal
polarizes light more effectively than most other minerals and was essential in early
scientific instruments. Helgustaðir calcite played a crucial role in the development
of physics, chemistry, and geology during the 19th and early 20th centuries,
particularly in the construction of Nicol prisms.
Today, Helgustaðanáma is a popular destination for visitors interested in geology,
the history of science, and Iceland’s natural heritage.
Source:
Environment Agency of Iceland
Photo: Böðvar Eggersson
Helgustaðanáma er áhugaverður staður á Íslandi sem vert er að heimsækja.